Caustic soda, also known as sodium hydroxide, caustic potash, or NaOH, is a highly important inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaOH. It is a white ionic solid composed of sodium ions (Na⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻). Due to its strong corrosive nature, direct contact with skin can result in severe chemical burns.
This compound is highly soluble in water and readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air. Solid sodium hydroxide is typically available in the market in the form of flakes, granules, or cast blocks.
In Iran, the flake form is commonly known as “Chanteh” and is often used to unclog household drains.
Today, caustic soda is produced and sold in various forms such as pellets, flakes, and liquid solutions.
Formula: NaOH
Molar mass: 39.997 g/mol
IUPAC ID: Sodium hydroxide, Sodium oxidanide
Soluble in: Water, Ethanol, Methanol
Density: 2.13 g/cm³
Boiling point: 1,388°C
Melting point: 323°C
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is one of the most widely used alkaline chemicals in various industries due to its high water solubility, strong corrosive properties, and reactivity with acids.
Caustic soda is available in several physical forms, each suited for different applications:
Granular caustic soda (caustic granules) is a physical form of sodium hydroxide produced as fine, compact particles. Compared to flake or powder forms, it is denser and more cohesive.
Liquid caustic soda is a solution of NaOH in water, commonly available in concentrations such as 30% or 50%. Its ease of use makes it ideal for industries requiring immediate alkaline solutions.
Features:
No need for further dissolving
Transported in plastic drums or industrial tankers
Widely used in water treatment plants, refineries, petrochemical, and chemical industries
Caustic soda is one of the most widely used industrial chemicals. Its major applications include:
Caustic soda is commonly used to neutralize industrial acids in chemical processes. It reacts with acids to form salt and water, helping regulate pH levels.
In the detergent industry, caustic soda is a key raw material for producing both solid and liquid soaps. It reacts with fats and oils in the saponification process to create soap.
Caustic soda is used to separate lignin from cellulose in the paper-making process, aiding in bleaching and preparing pulp for paper production.
In oil and gas operations, caustic soda is used for pH regulation during drilling, removing sulfur from crude oil, treating acidic gases, and cleaning equipment.
In pharmaceuticals, caustic soda is used as a base compound for drug synthesis, pH adjustment, and cleaning laboratory and industrial equipment.
During the Bayer process of aluminum extraction from bauxite ore, caustic soda helps dissolve alumina (Al₂O₃) and separate impurities.
Always use gloves, safety goggles, protective clothing, and respiratory masks
In case of contact with skin or eyes, rinse thoroughly with water and seek medical help immediately
Store in a cool, dry place, away from moisture
Flake Caustic Soda: 25 kg bags
Liquid Caustic Soda (50%): 220-liter drums, IBC tanks, or bulk tankers
These two are often confused due to similar names or household use, but no, caustic soda is not baking soda – they are completely different substances.
| Feature | Caustic Soda (NaOH) | Baking Soda (NaHCO₃) |
|---|---|---|
| Alkalinity Strength | Very strong and corrosive | Mild and edible |
| Applications | Industrial (soap, chemicals, water treatment) | Household (baking, cleaning, deodorizing) |
| Safety | Dangerous; causes severe burns | Safe for food and medicine |
| Chemical Reactivity | Highly reactive and corrosive | Mild reaction, releases CO₂ when mixed with acid |
Caustic soda is an industrial-grade hazardous material, whereas baking soda is a safe, versatile household compound.
Yes. High concentrations of sodium hydroxide can cause severe burns to eyes, skin, digestive tract, or lungs – possibly leading to permanent damage or even death. Prolonged or repeated skin contact can lead to dermatitis, and inhalation of fumes may cause irreversible lung damage.
Caustic soda is extremely corrosive, and immediate action is needed in case of exposure:
Hold eyelids open and flush with clean water for at least 30 minutes
Remove contact lenses
Seek medical attention immediately
Remove contaminated clothing
Rinse the affected area with water for at least 15 minutes
Do not rub the skin
Move to fresh air immediately
If breathing problems occur, consult a doctor
Do not induce vomiting
If the person is conscious and breathing, give them water to drink
Seek emergency medical help immediately
Always use personal protective equipment (PPE): gloves, goggles, mask, and safety clothing
Avoid skin, eye contact, and inhalation of vapors
If you’re looking to purchase high-quality caustic soda at a competitive price, Ishtar Company (ishtarcompany.com) is a trusted and experienced supplier.
Ishtar Company has access to reliable sources and a broad logistics network, enabling the supply and export of caustic soda to countries worldwide. The company offers liquid and flake caustic soda with guaranteed analysis, various packaging options, and professional customer support.
To request pricing or place an order, get in touch with their sales team.
Ishtar Company is a reputable name in the industrial chemicals market, recognized for its reliable supply of caustic soda. With guaranteed quality and competitive pricing, the company serves multiple industries on an international scale.
Verified quality with lab analysis
Fast and reliable delivery
Packaging tailored to customer needs
Experienced sales and technical support teams
The price of caustic soda depends on factors such as product type (liquid or flake), purity, packaging, and global market conditions. Raw material prices and transportation costs also affect final pricing.
Ishtar Company offers both domestic and international customers up-to-date market prices with guaranteed quality analysis.
For bulk buyers and exporters, the per-ton price is a key consideration. Prices may fluctuate daily or weekly based on international markets, energy costs, transportation, and regional demand.
Do not hesitate to contact us or submit a business enquiry online.
